Jainism and Buddhism Questions and Answers for SSC, UPSC
Here is an article on Religious Movements in Ancient India i.e. Buddhism and Jainism. The Jainism and Buddhism Questions and Answers are based on repeatedly asked questions in SSC, UPSC, WBCS, SSC, RRB NTPC, State PSCs.
Jainism and Buddhism Questions and Answers
- Where was Gautama Buddha born?
- Lumbini
- Sarnath
- Gaya
- Kushinagar
Ans: Lumbini
Explanation: Gautama Buddha was born as Siddharth in Lumbini, Nepal in 563 BCE. This incident is symbolized by Lotus & Bull.
- Who was the mother of Gautama Buddha?
- Mahamaya
- Gautami
- Yasodhara
- Nirvana
Ans: Mahamaya
Explanation: Suddhodhana and Mahamaya were the parents of Siddharth.
- At what age Siddharth attained Mahaviniskraman?
- 20
- 29
- 35
- 41
Ans: 29
Explanation: Siddharth attained Mahaviniskraman at the age of 29. This incident is symbolized with Horse in Buddhism.
- Where did Gautama Buddha attain Nirvana?
- Lumbini
- Gaya
- Kushinagar
- Pataliputra
Ans: Gaya
Explanation: Gautama Buddha attained Nirvana or Sambodhiat 35 years of age under a peepal tree at Gaya on the bank of Niranjana. This incident is symbolized with Bodhi Tree in Buddhism.
- Where did Gautama Buddha attain his first sermon?
- Lumbini
- Sarnath
- Gaya
- Kushinagar
Ans: Sarnath
Explanation: Gautama Buddha attained Dharmachakrapravartana in Sarnath at 35 years of age. This incident is symbolized with Wheel in Buddhism.
- When did Gautama Buddha attain Mahaparinirvan?
- 500 BCE
- 510 BCE
- 483 BCE
- 507 BCE
Ans: 483 BCE
Explanation: Gautama Buddha attained Mahaparinirvan in 483 BCE at Kushinagar. This incident is symbolized with Stupa in Buddhism.
- Gautama Buddha belongs to which clan?
- Sakya
- Kanthaka
- Gandhara
- Haryanka
Ans: Sakya
- What does the term ‘Chatwari Arya Satyani’ mean in Buddhism?
- Four noble truths
- Eight-fold path
- Tripitaka
- Two sects of Buddhism
Ans: Four noble truths
Explanation:
- What does the eight-fold path call in Buddhism?
- Triratna
- Channa
- Chatwari Arya Satyani
- Astangika Marg
Ans: Astangika Marg
- What was the name of Siddharth’s (Gautama Buddha) son?
- Kapil
- Kanthaka
- Rahul
- Mahavir
Ans: Rahul
- What was the name of Siddharth’s (Gautama Buddha) horse?
- Kapil
- Kanthaka
- Channa
- None of these
Ans: Kanthaka
- Tipitaka was written in which language?
- Parsi
- Pali
- Sanskrit
- Brahmi
Ans: Pali
- What are the parts of Tipitaka?
- Vinay Pitaka
- Sutta Pitaka
- Abhidhamma Pitaka
- All of these
Ans: All of these
Explanation: Tipitaka or Tripitaka was divided into three Pitaka (basket): Vinay Pitaka, Sutta Pitaka and Abhidhamma Pitaka.
- Which Pitaka deals with Buddha’s sayings?
- Vinay Pitaka
- Sutta Pitaka
- Abhidhamma Pitaka
- All of these
Ans: Sutta Pitaka
Explanation: Vinay Pitaka deals with the Monastic code, Sutta Pitaka deals with Buddha’s sayings and Abhidhamma Pitaka deals with religious issues of Buddha.
- Where was the first Buddhist Council took place?
- Pataliputra
- Vaishali
- Rajgriha
- Kundalavana
Ans: Rajgriha
Explanation: First Buddhist Council took place at Saptaparni cave, Rajgriha in 483 BCE under the presidentship of Ajatshatru. Mahakassapa was the chairman.
- Who was the chairman of the second Buddhist Council?
- Mahakassapa
- Sabbakami
- Tissa
- Vasumitra
Ans: Sabbakami
Explanation: Second Buddhist Council took place at Vaishali in 383 BCE under the presidentship of Kalashoka.
- When was the third Buddhist Council took place?
- 300 BCE
- 280 BCE
- 250 BCE
- 242 BCE
Ans: 250 BCE
Explanation: Third Buddhist Council took place at Pataliputra in 250 BCE under the presidentship of Ashoka. Ashoka’s younger brother Mogaliputta Tissa was the chairman.
- Who presided over the fourth Buddhist Council?
- Ashoka
- Mahapadmananda
- Vasumitra
- Kanishka
Ans: Kanishka
Explanation: Fourth Buddhist Council took place at Kundalvana in 98 BCE under the chairmanship of Vasumitra.
- Who was the first Tirthankara in Jainism?
- Risabhnath
- Parashnath
- Mahavir
- None of these
Ans: Risabhnath
- Who was the 23rd Tirthankar in Jainism?
- Risabhnath
- Parashnath
- Mahavir
- None of these
Ans: Parashnath
- Who was the 24th Tirthankar in Jainism?
- Risabhnath
- Parashnath
- Mahavir
- None of these
Ans: Mahavir
- Who was the father of Mahavir?
- Gautama
- Siddharta
- Suddhodhana
- Parashnath
Ans: Siddharta
Explanation: Siddharta and Trishala were the parents of Mahavir.
- What is the name of Mahavir’s wife?
- Priyadarshini
- Yashoda
- Mahamaya
- Yashodhara
Ans: Yashoda
Explanation: Yashoda was Mahavir’s wife and Priyadarshini was their daughter.
- At what age, Mahavir attained Kaivalya?
- 35
- 42
- 45
- 52
Ans: 42
Explanation: Mahavir attained Kaivalya (supreme knowledge) at the age of 42 under a small tree at Jambikagrama on the bank of river Rijupalika.
- Where did Mahavir deliver his first sermon?
- Pataliputra
- Ujjain
- Gandhara
- Pava
Ans: Pava
Explanation: Mahavir delivered his first sermon to his 11 disciples at Pava. These disciples were known as Gandharas.
- Right Knowledge, Right Faith and Right Conduct are known as which of the following?
- Tripitaka
- Triratna
- Trishonku
- Both (b) and (c)
Ans: Triratna
- Who founded the Jain Sangha at Pava, Bihar?
- Risabhnath
- Parashnath
- Mahavir
- None of these
Ans: Mahavir
- Which of the following is considered as the holy book of Buddhism?
- Tripitaka
- Tipitaka
- Triratna
- Both (a) and (b)
Ans: Both (a) and (b)
Explanation: Tipitaka or Tripitaka are considered the holy book of Buddhism.
- Which of the following is considered as the holy book of Jainism?
- Tripitaka
- Agam Sutras
Ans: Agam Sutras
- Who founded the Haryanka dynasty?
- Bimbisara
- Bindusara
- Anga
- Ajatshatru
Ans: Bimbisara
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- Who among the following kings was the first to have a standing army?
- Bimbisara
- Ashoka
- Mahapadmananda
- Chandragupta Maurya
Ans: Bimbisara
- Who was known as Seniya?
- Bimbisara
- Ashoka
- Mahapadmananda
- Chandragupta Maurya
Ans: Bimbisara
- Bimbisara was contemporary to which famous religious leader?
- Gautama Buddha
- Parashnath
- Mahavir
- None of these
Ans: Gautama Buddha
- Who was the successor of the Haryanka dynasty after Bimbisara?
- Kalashoka
- Mahapadmananda
- Chandragupta Maurya
- Ajatshatru
Ans: Ajatshatru
- Who destroyed Vaishali, the capital of Vajji?
- Kalashoka
- Mahapadmananda
- Chandragupta Maurya
- Ajatshatru
Ans: Ajatshatru
- Who laid the foundation of Pataliputra?
- Udayin
- Mahapadmananda
- Bimbisara
- Ajatshatru
Ans: Udayin
- Udayin was the son of which of the following kings?
- Kalashoka
- Mahapadmananda
- Bimbisara
- Ajatshatru
Ans: Ajatshatru
- Who founded the Nanda dynasty?
- Kalashoka
- Mahapadmananda
- Bimbisara
- Ajatshatru
Ans: Mahapadmananda
Explanation: Mahapamananda killed his father Mahanandin, the last ruler of the Shisunaga dynasty and ascend the throne.
- Who was the last ruler of the Nanda dynasty?
- Ajatshatru
- Mahapadmananda
- Bimbisara
- Dhanananda
Ans: Dhanananda
Explanation: Dhanananda was the son of Mahapadmananda.
- Under whose reign, Magadha was the most powerful janapada?
- Haryanka dynasty
- Shishunaga dynasty
- Nanda dynasty
- None of these
Ans: Nanda dynasty
- Who was the founder of Magadha?
- Bimbisara and Ajatshatru
- Jarasandha and Brihadratha
- Mahapadmananda and Dhanananda
- Ajatshatru and Shisunaga
Ans: Jarasandha and Brihadratha
- Which was the earliest capital of Magadha?
- Kausambi
- Rajgriha
- Mathura
- Indraprastha
Ans: Rajgriha
- Who transferred the capital of Magadha from Rajgriha to Pataliputra?
- Ajatshatru
- Mahapadmananda
- Bimbisara
- Dhanananda
Ans: Ajatshatru
- Who was the last king Shisunaga dynasty?
- Kalashoka
- Mahanandin
- Shisunaga
- Padmananda
Ans: Mahanandin
- Who was known as the Xandrames in the Greek text?
- Chandragupta Maurya
- Mahapadmananda
- Dhanananda
- Bimbisara
Ans: Dhanananda
- From which inscription, we can know about the Indo-Iranian relation?
- Brahmi
- Kharosti
- Mahrauli
- Nanaghat
Ans: Kharosti
- Who won the Greek-Hydaspes war?
- Dhanananda
- Alexander
- Ashoka
- Megasthenes
Ans: Alexander
Explanation: Alexander defeated Puru or Porus (full name: Purushotama) in the Greek-Hydaspes war or Hydaspes war.
- Which river is known as Hydaspes?
- Ravi
- Indus
- Vitasta
- Narmada
Ans: Vitasta
- When did Alexander die?
- 327 BCE
- 300 BCE
- 320 BCE
- 323 BCE
Ans: 323 BCE
Explanation: Alexander died in 323 BCE at the age of 33.
- Who was the emperor of Macedonia?
- Megasthenes
- Alexander
- Seleucus
- Nicolaes
Ans: Alexander
- Who wrote Asthadhayayi?
- Viswamitra
- Rudradaman
- Panini
- Patanjali
Ans: Panini